Tazarotene, the active ingredient in Tazret Forte cream, exerts its therapeutic effects through several mechanisms:
1. Retinoid Receptor Activation: Tazarotene is a synthetic retinoid that selectively activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), particularly RARβ and RARγ, which are found in the skin. Activation of these receptors regulates gene transcription, leading to alterations in cellular processes involved in skin growth and differentiation.
2. Normalization of Keratinocyte Differentiation: Tazarotene promotes the normal differentiation of keratinocytes (skin cells) by increasing the production of proteins involved in this process. This leads to the shedding of outer skin layers, preventing the build-up of dead cells and reducing the thickness of psoriatic plaques.
3. Decreased Inflammation**: Tazarotene exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), which are involved in the inflammatory response seen in psoriasis and acne.
4. Reduction of Comedone Formation: In acne, tazarotene helps prevent the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads) by promoting the shedding of dead skin cells and preventing the accumulation of sebum in hair follicles.
5. Normalization of Epidermal Growth: By regulating the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes, tazarotene helps to normalize the growth of the epidermis, leading to smoother skin texture and improved appearance.
Overall, the combined effects of tazarotene result in a reduction in the symptoms associated with psoriasis and acne, including erythema (redness), scaling, itching, and the formation of lesions.
